The Restaurationist constitution of 1876 was expected to bring endemic antagonism between military and civilian powers to an end. Although lively and intelligent, he was raised in an ultraclerical and reactionary atmosphere by his doting mother. As having Alfonso in Spain would be a problem, Cánovas became responsible for his education. Equivalent USD: 100.00 Food & Beverage credit to be utilized during stay (not combinable, no cash value if not redeemed in full) Only valid at Restaurant San Fernando A week before the report was to be published, however, Alfonso was rescued from a humiliating situation by a coup d’état (September 13, 1923) led by General Miguel Primo de Rivera. Birthplace: Madrid, Spain Location of death: Rome, Italy Cause of death: unspecified Remains: Buried, El Escorial, Madrid, Spain. In the midst of the crisis during and after the First Spanish Republic, the Carlist party made itself strong in areas with claims over their national and institutional specificity, such as Catalonia or the Basque districts. Much like in Britain, which subtracted itself from the liberal constitutional process, Spanish conservatives wanted to continue with the Traditional Spanish Organic Laws such as the Fuero Juzgo, the Novísima Recopilación and the Partidas of Alfonso X. The new system entailed a commitment between the monarch and two political parties (Conservatives and Liberals). His great personal courage in the face of these attacks, however, won him considerable admiration. He assumed the name Alfonso XII, for although no king of united Spain had borne the name "Alfonso XI", the Spanish monarchy was regarded as continuous with the more ancient monarchy represented by the 11 kings of Asturias, León and Castile also named Alfonso.[2]. His troubled reign was characterized by violent class conflict, political instability, and dictatorship. Alfonso was born in Madrid, posthumously born son of Alfonso XII of Spain, and became King of Spain upon his birth.The French newspaper Le Figaro described the young king as "the happiest and best-loved of all the rulers of the earth". Alfonso XIII was King of Spain from 1886 to 1931. Both European (the coastal regions, such as the Basque Country, Catalonia, and Asturias) and Overseas – Antilles and Pacific were able to grow steadily. Grandson of King Alfonso XIII of Spain, a potential heir to the throne in the event of restoration of the Spanish monarchy, and a Legitimist claimant to the defunct throne of France as Alphonse II. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alfonso-XIII, 1914-1918-online - International Encyclopedia of the First World War - Biography of Alfonso XIII, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Alfonso XIII, Alfonso XIII - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Following Amadeo's abandonment in 1873, Parliament established the Federal Republic (including the territories of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Pacific Archipelagos). His capacity for dealing with men was considerable, and he never allowed himself to become the instrument of any particular party. Alfonso XIII of Spain, also known as El Africano, was the King of Spain from his birth in 1886 until the establishment of the Second Republic in 1931. Alfonso was monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Alfonso tried various methods to bring about a return to a constitutional regime without the risk of elections. American Heritage® Dictionary of … Alfonso died aged 27 in 1885, and was succeeded by his son, Alfonso XIII, who was born the following year. The French newspaper Le Figaro described the young king as "the happiest and best-loved of all the rulers of the earth". This led to the third cause of instability of note, the "Independence of the American Kingdoms", recognized between 1823 and 1850. By directly associating himself with the overthrow of the parliamentary regime, however, and linking his fortunes to the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, Alfonso jeopardized the existence of the Spanish monarchy. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Alfonso XIII(17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941) reigned as King of Spain. Although his conduct during World War I was irreproachable (he observed a scrupulous neutrality and rendered great service to humanitarian causes), in the postwar period he began to move toward a system of more personal rule, even seeking a means to rid himself of the legislature. [1] These rumours were used as political propaganda against Alfonso by the Carlists. In 1902, on his 16th birthday, he assumed full authority as king. But the republicans were not in agreement either, and they had to contend with the War in Cuba, and Muslim uprisings in Spanish Morocco. During the honeymoon, a pastry cook named Otero fired at the young sovereign and his wife as they were driving in Madrid.[2]. Son and successor of King Alfonso XII. The victors demanded the king’s abdication; when the army withdrew its support from Alfonso, he was forced to leave Spain (April 14, 1931), though he refused to abdicate the throne. His mother abdicated in his favour in 1870, and he returned to Spain as king in 1874 following a military coup against the First Republic. Alfonso was born in Madrid on 17 May 1886. Cánovas was the real architect of the new regime of the Restoration. Alfonso was monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Updates? Benevolent and sympathetic in disposition, he won the affection of his people by fearlessly visiting districts ravaged by cholera or devastated by earthquake in 1885. Alfonso XIII, the King of Spain, ruled a socially divided country with most of its close to 20,000,000 citizens impoverished because of the lack of trade and supplies that resulted from World War I. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria raised him and his two older sisters, acting as Regent. When Queen Isabella II and her husband were forced to leave Spain by the Revolution of 1868, Alfonso accompanied them to Paris. 1886-1941. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Upon the American invasion of Puerto Rico, ten US dollars were needed to buy one Puerto Rican peso. Learn to walk and learn the basics of life before he was born in Madrid on May 17 1886. To date, he assumed full authority as King of Spain from the throne was monarch from birth as father... Face of these attacks, however, won him considerable admiration improve this article ( requires login ) the invasion. 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