Search. Changing to a low phosphorus dog food can affect your dog’s blood chemistry and metabolic rate. You should generally not plan on giving your pet low phosphorus dog food … Low Phosphorous Dog Food Options. “As fed” numbers make it very difficult to compare foods because they don’t take into account the variable levels of water or calories in different foods. Currently, I am feeding him can cat food that contains: 81% moisture 1240 calories/kg (wet) 1.61% phosphorus dry matter basis. When limiting phosphorus in the diet, portion size is important. In the body of the message, type: SUB VETMED Yourfirstname Yourlastname Phosphorus. The total carbohydrate content in the product can be calculated by subtracting the dry mass content of Protein, Fiber, Fat, Moisture, and Ash by 100%. If your dog requires 500 calories per day to stay at her optimal weight, she’d need to eat 2 cups of Diet A per day or 1 cup of Diet B per day to meet her calorie needs. 3,606 kcal/kg. (Note, a kilocalorie or kcal is the unit that most of us layfolk refer to simply as "calorie".) Dietary restriction of phosphorus is a significant dietary measure that can be taken to slow the progress of renal failure. Table 1. Every dog loves the real pumpkin and cinnamon taste. Dogs are omnivores meaning that, under normal circumstances, dogs can meet their nutritional needs by eating a combination of plant and animal foods. 3 of the Best Low Phosphorus Dry Dog Food Products. Meat itself is very high in phosphorus and low in calcium. Sport Dog Food believes in complete transparency … Steve’s Real Food Inc. Eugene, OR 97401. Diet B: Adult Canned Dog Food. What’s more, a dog’s nutritional needs varies throughout their life. Will this be safe to use? As dogs grow older they can develop kidney failure, which is completely normal since their kidneys are no longer working at their full potential.Dakota says that moving to a Low Phosphorus Dry Dog Food diet is a great option to fend off kidney issues. Phosphorus combines with calcium and gets deposited in the kidneys, causing additional damage to the kidneys. Dogs are omnivores meaning that, under normal circumstances, dogs can meet their nutritional needs by eating a combination of plant and animal foods. These are real dry dog foods that both have the same % of calcium as fed. Staff Member. A good guide would be to use a natural prey animal as standard - about 7-10% of its total weight will be bone, so anything in excess of 10% of the total diet would be "plenty". In addition to the as-fed phosphorus numbers, you need to know the percentage of moisture in the food. Diet A: Adult Dry Dog Food. Such foods are generally regarded as a full, complete and balanced diet in which everything a dog needs. If "% of Daily Value" is shown, you can calculate the amount of phosphorus, … The following chart has the phosphorus content in mg/100kcal for those brands that provided that figure. One other factor affects how much calcium your dog needs: phosphorus. Dr. Linder has received speaker fees or research funding from Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Nestlé Purina PetCare, and Royal Canin, and has provided professional services for Mark Morris Institute. 11 Other Nutrients for Dogs with CKD Other nutrients to consider in dogs with renal disease are sodium, potassium, and omega-3 fatty acids. The main function of phosphorus intake is the formation and growth support in your dog’s bones and teeth. 25.0% Protein / 3,606 kcal/kg x 1,000: 6.9 grams of protein per 100 kcal. Diet B: Adult Canned Dog Food My pet has kidney disease – what kind of diet should I feed? Some companies will provide you with the actual moisture content as found in laboratory analysis - otherwise a maximum moisture content figure is usually given on the bag or can. The dry matter basis figures were provided by the manufacturers in all cases except for that of Pedigree - they didn't have DMB figures available, so I calculated that using the maximum moisture listed on the bag. Joined Aug 29, 2014 Messages 14,237 Reaction score Remember,  if the company can’t or won’t give you this information, it should be a red flag and you probably don’t want to feed that food to your pet. srs2@erols.com, http://www.prescriptiondiet.com/NutritionandHealth/lifestage.asp, http://www.fda.gov/cvm/index/consumer/petfood.htm, http://nss.vet.ohio-state.edu/Vdm/vetdietmanual.html, http://www.fda.gov/cvm/index/consumer/labelint.htm, http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/Boeing/small_animal_medicine/urolith.htm, http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/boeing/small_animal_medicine/crf.htm, http://www.speedyvet.com/NIP/olddogs/default.htm, Figures are in percentages as measured on a Dry Matter Basis, AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles (% dry matter basis), Maximum Phosphorus: 1.6% (Dry Matter Basis), Puppies need higher levels of phosphorus and calcium in their diet than do adult dogs (because puppies are growing new bone, Canine nutrition research shows that older dogs require, Phosphorus content of most meats and in whole grains is relatively high (when measured per 100 calories or 100 grams of protein.). To meet AAFCO nutrient profiles for growth 3 in large breed puppies, a dog food must contain: 2.0 to 4.5 g calcium per 1000 calories 4. Pet Food Decisions: How Do You Pick Your Pet’s Food? Our preference because it is the most natural form of Calcium. Feeding the right amount of bone balances the two most important (and abundant) minerals in your dog’s body: calcium and phosphorus. They need an adequate supply of raw meaty bones (RMBs) in their diet. All phosphorus is not created equal. As dogs grow older they can develop kidney failure, which is completely normal since their kidneys are no longer working at their full potential.Dakota says that moving to a Low Phosphorus Dry Dog Food diet is a great option to fend off kidney issues. Dr. Heinze has done consulting for Lafeber and WellPet, given sponsored talks for Nestlé Purina PetCare and the Pet Food Institute; and provided professional services to Balance IT.com and Mark Morris Institute. In other words, a canned food with 78% water can now be compared to a dry food that contains 11% water or two wet foods with different amounts of moisture using the following equation: The following online calculator utilizes the above equation to calculate the DMB. Look for "PHOS" in food labels and try to steer clear of them! The Calcium to Phosphorus ratio in bone is 2.5:1 (two and a half times more Calcium than Phosphorus.) In this case, you would divide 0.2% phosphorus by 24% dry matter, which gives 0.833% phosphorus content of this food on a Dry Matter Analysis basis. So to calculate how much phosphorus percentage is in just the food portion aka the dry matter, you would take the total phosphorus % divided by the dry matter % and times that by 100 to get your dry matter phosphorus % (i.e. There are two common measures of phosphorus. srs2@erols.com This conversion involves some math, but we’ve made it easy for you with this calculator. Forum Helper. While phosphorus in mg per 100kcal makes the comparison between foods simple, it's not a common measure that most consumers request, so it's not listed on dog food bags and many companies don't even have that information available. Remember, using the data from cans of food in the USA for this exercise is often unreliable because the data on the cans tend to be maximums or minimums rather than actual data. Dry Matter Basis Calculator For Pet Food. Go To Itchmo.com: Read the latest cat, dog and pet news, pet food recall info, product reviews and more — updated daily. The goal should be to find a low-phosphorus food that still contains plenty of high-quality protein. Phosphorus is attracted to calcium (raw meaty bones), and together they form calcium phosphate. 1,198 kcal/kg . Subscribe to always know when we add new material! Remember that the best homemade diets include red meat, poultry, fish, liver, eggs, dairy, vegetables and fruits, with grains and legumes optional, so if you’re missing any of those foods, you will need to give other supplements as well. As an example, think about the two foods in Table 1 below. For example, Nestle/Purina customer support was excellent and easily available from a toll-free phone number. Dakota says some of her senior dog friends are suffering from kidney issues. I assume it works to calculate the carbohydrates in dog food, too, but I don’t have a dog. Sport Dog Food believes in complete transparency … That amount is adequate to meet NRC guidelines for a 13# dog and enough to balance out calcium and phosphorus for the amount of food fed, so you should be fine. ACANA Singles Turkey & Pumpkin is now loaded with more meat, less legumes and no peas for enhanced nutrition and taste your dog will love! Calcium-to-phosphorus ratio 1:1 to 1.8:1 5. Pattie . Our pets can easily digest and absorb the Calcium and other nutrients found in bone. Naturally occurring phosphorus in foods is absorbed less readily than chemical phosphorus additives. One of the most helpful sources of phosphorus information is the food chart on Tanya's site: link here. The profiles were reviewed in 1994/95 and updates to the maximum concentrations for vitamin A in dog foods were implemented in 1996. Some dog food companies use the figure of phosphorus in grams per 1000kcals, but that is easy to convert into mg/100kcal. Best Non Prescription Low Phosphorus Cat Food: If you’re determined to feed your cat low phosphorus cat food but you want to avoid prescription diets, Dave’s Pet Food Restricted Diet Phosphorus Chicken Formula canned food is a good option. The numbers you get from the label (and usually the numbers you get from the manufacturer) are usually either in percent, mg/kg, ppm (parts per million), or more rarely IU/kg. But too often many people get confused about the proper ways to add calcium and phosphorus and change a great diet into a poor diet. We know that many of you like having all the information at your fingertips regarding your pup's nutrition. Golightly Greyhounds When we had a cat with mild kidney disease and fed her reduced phosphorus I looked for dry matter phosphorus of under 1%. Calcium/Phosphorus ratio in a raw diet for dogs (2003) There are three ways people who feed their pets a raw diet accomplish a balance of Calcium to Phosphorus when feeding boneless meats or eggs: 1. mixing the raw boneless meats with ground Frames (carcass with meat removed). Cells that control bone growth, known as chondrocytes, first form a cartilage matrix called hyaline cartilage. When you pick up a can of cat or dog food, the numbers that is reported as guaranteed analysis on the packaging is known as the “as fed basis” percentage. Some low-phosphorus foods While phosphorus in mg per 100kcal makes the comparison between foods simple, it's not a common measure that most consumers request, so it's not listed on dog food bags and many companies don't even have that information available. If "% of Daily Value" is shown, you can calculate the amount of phosphorus, which is … If you have a low phosphorus kibble that you would like to see added to this spreadsheet, send me a message and I’ll get it added! It seems obvious that it should be the canned food, but as you can see below, once we take the water out (called dry matter) and adjust for the calories, the canned food actually has nearly twice the fat that is in the dry food. If this ratio gets too far out of whack, your dog's body will take calcium from his bones to make up what's not in his diet, and this can lead to osteoporosis and other skeletal problems. Low phosphorus dog food is generally not a good option for most dogs, but can help dogs suffering from particular types of health problems. These subcommittees established the "AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles" and the "AAFCO Cat Food Nutrient Profiles" that appeared in the Official Publication of the AAFCO in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Calculate the N-P-K percentage necessary in the fertilizer you will use. For added calcium, process an egg shell in your food processor until it is a fine powder and mix it into the dog's food. as the food is in the bag or can). Low phosphorus dog foods are available as prescription dog foods and commercially. Once you get these numbers, the comparison isn’t as easy as it seems, however. This is because the percentages on the label include all the water in the food and don’t take into account the calories in the food, either. All of the low phosphorus kibble options listed in this spreadsheet have a phosphorus level of .80 or below. Our recipe includes 65% quality turkey ingredients in WholePrey ratios of poultry, organs, and cartilage, complemented with richly nourishing pumpkin, providing your dog with the protein and nutrients they need in order to stay happy, healthy, and strong. Add to the finished food one tablespoon of olive or canola oil per 20 pounds of your dog's body weight per day to keep his coat healthy and shiny. For these reasons, the best way to compare phosphorus levels is to use the measure of actual phosphorus content in milligrams per 100 kilocalories. Or they look on the manufacturers’ websites or even give them a call to get more information on nutrient levels. The chart lists food from lowest to highest in phosphorus, based on dry matter, so it's a great resource. Pondering Pet Protein: How much protein should my pet get? Something to remember is that when feeding a ground poultry diet, it automatically has a higher bone content than say a beef diet since the size of the animal is so drastically different. The dry matter basis phosphorus percentage is also included for comparison, as well as figures for DMB protein, fat, and the caloric content, which is the Metabolizable Energy in kcals per gram, as measured in dry matter basis. I have been looking up ways to accurately calculate the amount of phosphorus that my cat eats in grams but I can’t find any solid source. Adding bone meal to a dog’s food will help support its digestion and maintain its good health. Raw diets, when prepared properly, are certainly the healthiest ways to feed dogs. Golightly Greyhounds The ratio of calcium to phosphorus should be about 1:1 … but preferably with slightly more calcium than phosphorus. Which diet do you think is lower in fat – Diet A, a dry food that contains 12% fat, or Diet B, a canned food that contains 6% fat? Dogs need a balance between the amount of phosphorus and calcium they get in their daily diets. In a few cases, such as that of "Sensible Choice" the information on the manufacturer's website differed from that given by the support staff, and the phosphorus amount per 100g were not available at all. “The food your dog or cat is consuming should achieve an optimum calcium-to-phosphorous ratio. Selecting a dog food can be a challenging task. There's another important ratio to be considered in a dog's diet -- that of calcium to phosphorus. Revised, 22 April 2002, SP, Copyright 2002, 2003 Stacy Pober. Kidney disease and chronic renal failure are common problems in aged dogs. "How much [Calcium] is "plenty"? Copyright 2002, 2003 Stacy Pober. Hi 4leggers: Here's a website with instructions on how to calculate dry matter basis. Here are some links that might be useful: This topic and canine nutrition in general has been discussed on the VETMED mailing list, a moderated discussion list on veterinary and animal health topics. Perhaps your vet has suggested trying a lower fat diet for your cat. Shop for High Quality Protein Low Phosphorus Canned Dog Food And How To Calculate Protein In Dog Food High Quality Protein Low Phosphorus Canned Dog Food And Ho A broken heart: Risk of heart disease in boutique or grain-free diets and exotic ingredients, It’s Not Just Grain-Free: An Update on Diet-Associated Dilated Cardiomyopathy. There should always be at least as much calcium as phosphorus in the diet, up to twice as much for healthy dogs (or three times as much for dogs with kidney disease). Flip your bag of dog food over and you’ll find something called the Guaranteed Analysis. Many owners use the label to compare the amounts of nutrients in different pet foods. Comparison of the calcium content of two dry dog foods fed to a dog that needs 500 kcal per day to maintain an ideal weight. It features real chicken as the main ingredient with chicken broth for moisture and flavor. To further expatiate, the “as fed basis” depicts the overall nutritional content inclusive of moisture. The first, which is listed in the "guaranteed analysis" on most dog food bags is the phosphorus percentage of the food "as fed". The guaranteed analysis (percentage of protein, fat, carbs, fiber and phosphorus) is the information about the exact nutrition commercial dog foods provide, and all dog food … Want to read more information on feeding your pet? We love them, too! Looks like the carbs is 3% but they list the phosphorus as .093 gms. By contrast, some of the brands had customer support folks seemed peevish that I wanted so much information or simply did not have these figures available. Restricting phosphorus … It might seem daunting to calculate the calcium:phosphorus ratio in a home prepared raw diet for your dog … but it’s really not that complicated. I am not recommending that anyone feed k/d to a dog who has not been diagnosed with renal failure. This calculation is expressed below for both Blue Buffalo and Canidae. Related Pages: Dog … More recently, however, a new wave of high-meat/high-protein foods have shown that as long as it comes from good, animal sources, dogs are more than capable of handling high amounts of protein. Feeding your dog a proper diet for their life stage is one of the most important aspects to help keep them at optimal health. Bone Meal is a recommended supplement for dogs, puppies, and pregnant or nursing female dogs. The figures in the above table were collected in March 2002 and the Natura figures were revised in April 2003 when more detailed data was provided. When Low Phosphorus Dog Food Is a Good Option. Pictures of vitamins - 3 Dimensional pictures of vitamins Foods sorted by nutrient - Search for any nutrient from our food database. However, dogs will eat more of a low-calorie ration, so the actual phosphorus intake might be as high or higher. Learn more about the Clinical Nutrition Team at Tufts. Bones are a safe source of dietary calcium and if dogs eat enough of them, the diet will be balanced without a lot of difficult calculations. Therefore, the percentages on the canned food will always look much lower compared to dry foods. Protein and Carbohydrate Sources of Home-cooked Pet Diets. Dr. Freeman has received research support from, given sponsored lectures for, or provided professional services to Aratana Therapeutics, Elanco, Hill’s Pet Nutrition Nestlé Purina PetCare, P&G Pet Care (now Mars), and Royal Canin. Calcium is a phosphorus binder, so it can help decrease phosphorus levels and slow down the progression of kidney failure. But too often many people get confused about the proper ways to add calcium and phosphorus and change a great diet into a poor diet. Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine has a chart: "Canine Diets to Impact Kidney and Urinary System Health at: Washington State University's page on Chronic Renal Failure: Article, "Feeding the Older Dog" on Speedyvet site discussing protein/phosphorus intake for older dogs. There are a few problems with using this figure to compare phosphorus levels in dog foods. When we calculate how much calcium she is actually getting from each food, in milligrams (mg), we see that because she’s eating twice as much of Diet A, she’s also getting twice as much calcium from Diet A. If the ash content isn’t listed on the food, just use 7% for kibble and 2% for canned food. These are real dry dog foods that both have the same % of calcium as fed. Guidelines for comparing pet diets, from the Ohio State Veterinary Hospital Nutrition Support Service: FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine's page on "Interpreting Pet Food Labels - Special Use Foods". Mogens Eliasen, PhD, Balancing the Calcium/Phosphorus ratio in a raw diet for dogs (2003) Carnivores were biologically designed to eat whole-prey animals; the meat, fat, organs, and bone . I compiled the figures for phosphorus as well as some other figures for general nutrition for various dog foods. So here is a list of common foods that I feed to my dogs with a list of nutrients that they'll get in their diet. However, they differ dramatically in terms of calories! Finding Low-Phosphorus, High-Protein Dog Foods There aren’t many good ones, which is why a number of vets recommend that pet owners who have older dogs or dogs with kidney issues supplement over-the-counter dog foods with homemade meals. The Hills Prescription Diet food k/d, designed for dogs with chronic renal failure or other kidney problems is included simply as a reference level. This equalizes the high-calorie and low-calorie foods. Related Phosphorus pages: Top 10 nutrients - Our Top 10 power nutrients. Some dog food companies use the figure of phosphorus in grams per 1000kcals, but that is easy to convert into mg/100kcal. Dog food has never been better researched with recipes created using the latest in nutritional science to calculate the correct balance of vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrates and fats. These foods are formulated to have a lower phosphorus level but still provide dogs with the proper levels of the other nutrients and minerals they need in their diet. Table 2. Use this versatile tool to calculate Calcium/Phosphorus rations, estimate carbs, dry matter basis, and so much more. Especially for energy-dense foods… those containing more than 4000 calories per kilogram. This is especially important in young, growing dogs. Ideally, this should be 1:1. Aug 5, 2015 #2 LTS3 TCS Member. It might seem daunting to calculate the calcium:phosphorus ratio in a home prepared raw diet for your dog … but it’s really not that complicated. Mattie’s healthy treats for dogs with kidney disease possesses light rye flour, tapioca flour, pure pumpkin, cinnamon, omega 3 fish oil, canola oil. In dogs, the calcium(bones):phosphorus(meat) ratio should be about 1:1. They use natural ingredients to deliver low protein and low phosphorus sweet food. Selecting a dog food can be a challenging task. If you are making your own ground raw cat food, follow "Feline Nutrition's Easy Homemade Cat Food Recipe" to ensure the correct calcium to phosphorus ratios.Alternatively, bone meal, dehydrated bone or eggshell calcium may be used in the appropriate amount. Ideally, this should be 1:1. Comparison of the fat content of a dry with a canned cat food. Balancing The Calcium:Phosphorus Ratio. For those brands that do not make the 'dry matter basis' figures available to consumers, you can calculate that information from the phosphorus percentage as fed, the calories per kilo, and the moisture content. 3. Use this versatile tool to calculate Calcium/Phosphorus rations, estimate carbs, dry matter basis, and so much more. Subscribe to always know when we add new material! Do a quick calculation (divide percentage by calorie density then multiply by 1,000): Diet A: Adult Dry Dog Food. If this ratio gets too far out of whack, your dog's body will take calcium from his bones to make up what's not in his diet, and this can lead to osteoporosis and other skeletal problems. The guaranteed analysis on the bag or can does not measure in "dry matter basis" (DMB) but rather "as fed". Washing and cooking in extra water that is discarded may remove some phosphorus as well as other nutrients, which may account for phosphorus being lower in cooked versions. “As fed” numbers make it very difficult to compare foods because they don’t take into account the variable levels of water or calories in different foods. I emailed a few of the smaller brands, when the front-line support techs could not supply the figure of phosphorus per 100kcals, but I did not receive answers, even from Canidae, a company that has an staff nutritionist. This gives strength to Fido’s bones and teeth. Steve’s Real Food Inc. Eugene, OR 97401. If you want to know why some brands are included and others not, one of the main criteria were how easy it was to obtain the figures. Until closure of the growth plates, which occurs between 11 and 12 months of age, the veterinary team should recommend avoidance of strenuous physical exercis… Raw diets, when prepared properly, are certainly the healthiest ways to feed dogs. Food companies don't even have to include these additives in the nutrition label. There's another important ratio to be considered in a dog's diet -- that of calcium to phosphorus. They had all the figures I wanted immediately available. Similarly, Natura, the company that makes California Natural and some other lines of food emailed me a comprehensive spreadsheet for their foods. It also ensures stool integrity (too little causes loose stools, too much causes constipation). During birth and growth, this matrix is replaced at the epiphyses and metaphyses of long bones in a process called endochondral ossification. As you’re on this website right now, we can assume that you love pets and likely have a special dog or cat (or many) in your life. Phosphorus. Dakota says some of her senior dog friends are suffering from kidney issues. All things being equal, any food that is nutritionally dense (high calorie) is going to have higher 'as fed' phosphorus percentages than any low-calorie food. Resources such as food lists, grocery lists and recipes provided by the dietitian help you learn about phosphorus control. Alternately, you may purchase bone meal to add calcium to your dog's food. Just add a pinch of baking soda to your dog’s food! Carbohydrate content in Blue Buffalo (wet food) 100% – 33.33 – 13.33 – 7.78 – 2.5 – 0 = 43.06% Carbohydrate For example, if the N-P-K ratio is 2-10-1, 10 percent of the fertilizer is phosphorus. Calcium. Supplement your dog with calcium by giving around 1000 mg calcium per pound of food. This is the guaranteed minimum amounts of certain nutrients in the food. He eats 320g of this a day Itchmo Forums for Cats & Dogs > Pet Health (not to be substituted for qualified vet advice) > Feline Chronic Renal Failure and Insufficiency > Need help in determining levels of phosphorus in canned food. Bones are a safe source of dietary calcium and if dogs eat enough of them, the diet will be balanced without a lot of difficult calculations. If you would like to join the VETMED list, send an email to: LISTSERV@IUPUI.EDU That amount is adequate to meet NRC guidelines for a 13# dog and enough to balance out calcium and phosphorus for the amount of food fed, so you should be fine. Dogs on the high-phosphorus diet had a lower survival rate (33%) than the restricted-phosphorus group (75%). Now let’s look at two cat foods, one dry and one canned (Table 2). These nutrient amounts are usually given on an “as fed” basis (i.e. You must recalculate the DMB before comparing the figures. Raw Meal… Duck Wings – protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, Vitamin A, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E. 2.5 to 4.0 g phosphorus per 1000 calories. The damage to the kidneys is not detected until more than half the kidney function is already gone. We know that many of you like having all the information at your fingertips regarding your pup's nutrition. To use this calculator, you’ll need 2 pieces of information: Posts authored by the Clinical Nutrition Service team are by Dr. Lisa M. Freeman, DVM, PhD, DACVN, Dr. Deborah E. Linder, DVM, MS, DACVN, and Dr. Cailin R. Heinze, VMD, MS, DACVN. While calcium absorption is strictly limited, phosphorus absorption is linearly proportional to food intake. Two things need to be considered about nutrient levels in pet food: As an example, think about the two foods in Table 1 below. Here's some of what is known about dietary phosphorus and dog foods: Putting all this together, those of us with older dogs have a bit of a problem: Old dogs do best on a moderate to high protein diet, while it would be prudent to feed them a diet with relatively low phosphorus levels. I want to use rad cat food but my cat needs a lower protein, phosphorus food. If your dog is suffering from chronic renal failure, be sure to discuss your dog’s diet with your vet. However, they are required to be in the list of ingredients. Now, find the percentage of protein, fat, moisture and ash and then add them together. Traditionally, most adult dry foods have contained 20-30% protein (about 5-8% in wet foods) and many dog owners and dog food manufacturers have suggested that higher protein diets can be harmful. It can be calculated from other figures that are reasonably easy to get: the dry matter basis phosphorus percentage and the calories per kilogram. 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