The leaves and fruit were boiled down to make ink and dried leaves were used for smoking. The ones we see most commonly in Pennsylvania and New Jersey are staghorn sumac, smooth sumac and winged sumac. Its potential range reaches from USDA zone 3a to 8b. The branches are hairy or fuzzy, like the velvet on a deer's antler. staghorn sumac. Staghorn sumac grows as female or male clones. Rhus typhina, commonly called staghorn sumac, is the largest of the North American sumacs. It has alternate, pinnately compound leaves 25–55 cm (10–22 in) long, each with 9–31 serrate leaflets 6–11 cm (2 ⁄4–4 ⁄4 in) long. Ontario Trees and Shrubs. “This plant is a cultivar of a species that is native to the Chicago Region according to Swink and Wilhelm's Plants of the Chicago Region, with updates made according to current research. Staghorn sumac or Rhus typhina grows throughout the northeastern U.S. and southeastern Canada. It also occurs in South Dakota, Kansas and Utah. Photo by Chris Earley. Staghorn Sumac Rhus hirta Cashew family (Anacardiaceae) Description: This woody plant is a shrub or small tree up to 30' tall that branches occasionally. In addition, staghorn lowers ‘bad’ LDL cholesterol and fats in the blood. The upper stems (or branchlets) are covered with dense brown hairs, while the lower stems (trunk or branches) are brown, hairless, and woody. It is a species of prairies and other grasslands, old fields, roadsides, savannas and woodlands, and fencerows. Photo by Chris Earley. Ontario Tree Atlas map of non-planted Staghorn Sumac. Sumac shrubs provide intriguing visuals throughout most of the year, whether they’re growing along roadsides or planted as garden accents. These studies were done on animals. The velvety texture and the forking pattern of the branches, reminiscent of antlers, have led to the common name "stag's horn sumac". Mailstop Code: 1103 Staghorn Sumac thickets provide shelter and food for many birds and mammals such as deer, moose, rabbits, grouse and pheasants. Species in this family range from medium-sized trees to herbs a few inches high. This plant has no children Legal Status. When you hold staghorn sumac, the fuzz will gently brush off and the aromatic oils within the “fuzz” will stick to your hands. Foliage – deciduous Flowering – June to August Flower: Species is usually dioecious; small, with yellow-green petals, borne on upright, dense terminal cluster up to 8 inches long, appearing in mid-summer. 52113 It is strongly rhizomatous. Species of economic importance or medical concern found in the family include cashew ( Anacardium occidentale ), mango ( Mangifera indica ), pistachio ( Pistacia vera ), poison ivy ( Toxicodendron radicans ), and Pacific poison oak ( … Poison sumac, Toxicodendron vernix, is related to the poison ivies and poison oaks, not to the other sumacs. Photo by David Taylor. When kept limbed up from the bottom and topped in the spring, the tree looks almost Palm-like while it sways in the breeze . There are many varieties of edible sumac around the world. Staghorn sumac grows in gardens, lawns, the edges of forests, and wasteland. The most prominent feature is the clusters of bright red berries that top the trees in the late summer and early fall. Leaves are alternate and pinnately compound, 20 to 40 centimeters (ca. Close up of flowers. They are lance shaped, sharp toothed with fine hairs located on the veins. Bees, wasps, and beetles are strongly attracted to the flowers. In this video, you will learn the difference between Staghorn Sumac and Smooth Sumac. Small tree with flowers. staghorn sumac Anacardiaceae Rhus typhina L. symbol: RHTY Leaf: Alternate, pinnately compound, 16 to 24 inches long, with 11 to 31 lanceolate leaflets with serrate margins each 2 to 5 inches long, rachis fuzzy; green above and paler below. Mature Height: 15 ft Soil / Climate: Grows well in low nutrient soils, sun and shade. 8 inches) long and 5 to 10 centimeters (2 to 4 inches) across (see photo). Height – 16 feet (5 m) Exposure – full sun Soil – ordinary. Tolerates a wide range of climates. Staghorn sumac is found throughout the northeastern U.S. and southeastern Canada. The rash-causing agent, urushiol, is the same, and it causes the same rashes. Some bird and small mammal species eat the fruits. The recipe begins much like my flower jellies do, by making an infusion. The sap was also used as a treatment for warts. Rhus typhina Other common names: velvet sumac, hairy sumac. Panicle of flowers. Trees in Canada. 4 to 7 inches) wide. The sumac that is used in the spice blend is one member of the sumac family (genus, rhus), rhus coriraria or more commonly called European Sumac. 1996. North Dakota tree handbook. Rhus typhina range map. Soil pH: 5.5-7.0; Plant Size: 5 meters (16 feet) tall; Duration: Perennial Shrub; Leaf Shape: Odd Pinnate compound leaves with 9-31 leaflets; … USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Herman, D.E., et al. Oct 2, 2016 - Unusual to see as a specimen tree. Rhus typhina is a dioecious, deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 5 m (16 ft) tall by 6 m (20 ft) broad. Not Poison Sumac. 10 inches) diameter. Staghorn sumac is an open land species often found on drier soils, but which may occasionally occur on low ground. Flower clusters are up to 20 centimeters (ca. The stem may reach 25 centimeters (ca. They are covered with glandular reddish hairs and are located in large cone shaped clusters at the tips of the twigs. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources: Ontario Tree Atlas. arbor@uoguelph.ca  Yellow to greenish, 5-petaled flowers are small, only about 3 millimeters (about 1/8 inches) wide (see photo). They turn scarlet or orange in autumn. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. What most commonly grows across North America is a close cousin in the sumac family, rhus typhina or more commonly called Staghorn Sumac. Fruits of the Staghorn Sumac are 3-5 mm across and red and juicy when mature. Wild staghorn sumac flourishes in the sandy or rocky soils along fence rows and in abandoned fields. Lone Pine Publishing. Staghorn Sumac Medicinal Uses. They are lance shaped, sharp toothed with fine hairs located on the veins. 1995-1999. Cultivated plants prefer fertile, well-drained locations in flood-free zones. Staghorn sumac, also called vinegar sumac, is a short tree that grows in a roundish shape. Staghorn sumac trees are short – between five and 15 feet tall – and the branches have between 4 and 15 pairs of long, pointed leaves. More information about Staghorn Sumac may be found here.. Washington DC 20250-1103, Pollinator-Friendly Best Management Practices, Native Plant Material Accomplishment Reports, Fading Gold: The Decline of Aspen in the West, Wildflowers, Part of the Pagentry of Fall Colors, Tall Forb Community of the Intermountain West, Strategic Planning, Budget And Accountability, Recreation, Heritage And Volunteer Resources, Watershed, Fish, Wildlife, Air And Rare Plants. USDA PLANTS Database. Photo by Sean Fox. Tolerates a wide range of climates. Numerous lacey leaf cultivars exist. The only other genus from this family that occurs in Ontario is Toxicodendron, which includes poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. This sumac is 1 to 10 meters (ca. Staghorn Sumac is a member of the Anacardiaceae, the Sumac or Cashew family. It is native to woodland edges, roadsides, railroad embankments and stream/swamp margins from Quebec to Ontario to Minnesota south to Georgia, Indiana and Iowa. Photo by Sean Fox. Interesting to note is that Staghorn Sumac's have no terminal bud. Staghorn Sumac. On one hand, it’s a spreader/colonizer that requires de-suckering. USDA NRCS ND State Soil Conservation Committee; NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration, Bismarck. Leaves of the Staghorn Sumac are 5-12 cm long and range from 11-31 per leaflet. OMNR, 2008. Sumac (pronounced (/ ˈ sj uː m æ k /) or (/ ˈ s uː m æ k /), and also spelled sumach, sumak, soumak, and sumaq) is any one of about 35 species of flowering plants in the genus Rhus and related genera, in the family Anacardiaceae.It grows in subtropical and temperate regions throughout the world, especially in East Asia, Africa, and North America. ON. College Ave East Farrar, J.L.. 1995. It is important to note that the fruits contain tannic acid and should not be boiled for excessive periods of time. Sumac grows in colonies, with the older trees in the center as the tallest, and then gradually shorter tree/shrubs radiating out. Tolerant of a wide range of soils except for soils that are poorly drained. List of key staghorn tree facts. Staghorn sumac grows in gardens, lawns, the edges of forests, and wasteland. Large flower clusters in spring are followed by brilliantly colored fall foliage in orange, flame red, and burgundy. Fruits are fuzzy, bright red to brownish-red, 1-seeded drupes (like a cherry or peach) about 4 millimeters (1/6 inches) across. There about 150 species of sumac worldwide and 14 species native to the United States. Fitzhenry & Whiteside Ltd. Toronto. In August, when Scott and I drove to pick-up our first hop order in western Maryland, I noticed that Staghorn Sumac was in full bloom along I … 6 to 16 inches) long by 10 to 18 centimeters (ca. The fruits are sometimes soaked in water to make a tart, somewhat lemony drink. This species flowers in June to July depending on the part of the country in which it is found. U.S. Weed Information; Rhus typhina . Name – Rhus typhina Family – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub. The currently accepted scientific name for staghorn sumac is Rhus typhina L. . Cultivars are plants produced in cultivation by selective breeding or via vegetative propagation from wild plants identified to have desirable traits.\"Cutleaf Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina 'Laciniata'): Wide-spreading, colony forming reaching 8 to 10 feet high and 12 to 15 feet wide. Species of economic importance or medical concern found in the family include cashew (Anacardium occidentale), mango (Mangifera indica), pistachio (Pistacia vera), poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), and Pacific poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobium). [Online] Available: www.ontariotrees.com, OMNR, 2011. Notes: Long slender leaves change from bright green to orange-red in the autumn. A few studies show it lowers total cholesterol. Overall, staghorn berries lower blood sugar levels as well. University of Guelph Arboretum Easily grown in average, dry to medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Latin name: Rhus typhina L. French name: Sumac vinaigrier Synonym(s): Velvet sumac Taxonomic Serial Number: 28777 504755 - [Rhus hirta (L.) Sudworth] Interesting to note is that Staghorn Sumac's have no terminal bud. See more ideas about Specimen trees, Sumac, Plants. It can grow under a wide array of conditions, but is most often found in dry and poor soil on which other plants cannot survive. Staghorn Sumac is a wide-spreading large … 3 to 33 feet) tall, usually tree-like, but in thickets, and occasionally shrubby. While poison sumac is rare, when you find it in its typical wetland habitat, you may find quite a bit. Kershaw, L. 2001. Trees in Ontario: Including tall shrubs. It is particularly noted for the reddish-brown hairs that cover the young branchlets in somewhat the same way that velvet covers the horns of a stag (male deer), hence … Guelph ON, Canada, N1G 2W1 Photo by Sean Fox. The lateral buds are round, measure 5-7 mm long and are covered with dense brown hairs. This is Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina). Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina). Staghorn sumac (also spelled sumach) is the most common of three species that grow in Ontario. US Forest Service, FM-RM-VE Preparation. It is found from New England south to Georgia west to Michigan, Iowa, Missouri and Mississippi. The flower clusters produce berrylike drupes that turn red in autumn and last well into winter where they serve as tasty snacks for wildlife. Foraged Staghorn Sumac Beer My homebrewing frequency has taken a nosedive recently ( surprise ), but I still try to find time to brew a weird batch when I can. [Online] Available: http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/en/Business/ClimateChange/2ColumnSubPage/267027.html. The Staghorn sumac was one of my favorite tree before I even learned to make sumac lemonade. Photo by David Taylor. Staghorn Sumac is often planted as an ornamental due to the lovely fruit clusters and beautiful autumn foliage. Please visit our COVID-19 page for our changes in operation and safety protocols. Leaves of the Staghorn Sumac are 5-12 cm long and range from 11-31 per leaflet. The Rhus Typhina is commonly known as the Staghorn Sumac, Velvet Sumac as well as Vinegar Tree.. Staghorn Sumac is a member of the Anacardiaceae, the Sumac or Cashew family. (519) 824-4120 ext. Edmonton. Photo by David Taylor. Caterpillars of many moths and butterflies eat the foliage. They are members of the cashew family. Staghorn has been studied for its medicinal benefits. Flowers are borne in clusters (panicles) of hundreds to thousands of flowers at the tips of branches. I had way more Sumac to use and just as I was thinking – maybe I could make and freeze more lemonade – I came upon a recipe in my new cookbook Toast & Jam (Sarah Owens, 2017) for Sumac jelly. Rhus hirta, also known as Rhus typhina, is commonly referred to as staghorn sumac and lemonade tree. Rhus copallina (dwarf sumac) is similar in appearance to R. typhina, except its stems have raised dots and its leaflets have smooth edges. The other two are smooth sumac (R. glabra) and fragrant sumac (R. aromatica). Short-tongued bees, flies, and wasps visit the flowers for pollen, while carpenter bees occasionally burrow into the stems. In Canada it occurs from Nova Scotia west to Ontario. 240 pp, Muma, W. 2011. Staghorn sumac is not to be confused with poison sumac. Staghorn Sumac's can grow up to 6 m high, 10 cm in diameter and 50 years old. Staghorn Sumac is a unique shrub, named for the hairy stems that look like velvet on a stag's antlers. Leaf petioles and stems are densely covered in rust-colored hairs. Without attention, it can become weedy. These are the clusters that encapsualte the fruits. Photo by Chris Earley. The trunk is forked and spreading, which is the reason it provides such good cover for many animals. 1400 Independence Ave., SW It grows throughout eastern North America as a shrub with bright red terminal conic fruit clusters covered in red tart hairs (Figure 22.1).Rhus hirta fruit had the highest activity in all the assays tested for different types of antioxidant activity (McCune and Johns, 2002). Rhus typhina (roos ti-fin’-a) Family: Anacardiaceae, Cashew or Sumac Key Steps 1b – Alternate leaf arrangement — go to 18 18b – Leaf compound — go to 58 58b – More than 3 leaflets — go to 59 59c – Leaflet margins are medium-serrate — go to 64 64b – Solid pith — go to 65 […] They also persist through most of winter. Ontario’s Biodiversity: Species at Risk. Tiger Eyes® Cutleaf Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina ‘Bailtiger’) is among the group of plants that elicit a strong reaction from gardeners; they either love it or they hate it.There is no middle ground. Bright green summer leaves can grow up to 2 feet long and have a bold texture. It is relatively rare compared to the other members of the family. Staghorn sumac hybrizes with smooth sumac (R. glabra); the hybrid has alternately been named R. Xpulvinata Greene or R. Xborealis (Britton) Greene . Poison sumac can take the form of either a small bush or a woody shrub, and can range in size from 9 to 20 feet tall. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina): USDA Plant Hardiness Zone: 5-8 (More information on hardiness zones). Planting & Care for Deciduous Shrub – Sumac. They’re usually somewhere between 8 and 20 … Perfect timing! It can grow under a wide array of conditions, but is most often found in dry and poor soil on which other plants cannot survive. They turn scarlet or orange in autumn. Twigs are stout, densely red hairy and 16 to 20 millimeters (5/8 to 3/4 inches) thick (see photo). Rhus typhina L. – staghorn sumac Subordinate Taxa. 43°32'39.06"N, 80°12'57.78"W, College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, College of Social & Applied Human Sciences, Gordon S. Lang School of Business & Economics. Staghorn sumac gets its name from its thick, velvety upper branches, which resemble the antlers of young male deer. The bark, leaves and fruit are all rich with tannin and thus used to tan hides. 504 pp. It is occasionally cultivated for its bright red to maroon fall color and persistent red fruits. Photo by David Taylor. Species in this family range from medium-sized trees to herbs a few inches high. Each leaf has 11 to 31 coarsely toothed leaflets, green on top, and much paler underneath. This is an open, spreading shrub (sometimes a small tree) that typically grows 15-25 tall. Cluster of fruits. Rhus glabra (smooth sumac) can be distinguished from staghorn sumac by the lack of hairs on its stems and petioles. AB.
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