The region is not just rich in endemic species but also in native popul-ations of useful or economically important Through organic matter development and maintenance, the practices can increase microbial activities which can help nutrient recycling which can increase the fertility of soil under agricultural production. As a result of this, it was also mentioned by the participants as children’s school enrolment rate is better in agroforestry practitioners as compared to others as the demand for labor is low in agroforestry practices when compared with other farming activities. Mengistu Wube (1995), Tesfaye Awas et al. INTRODUCTION Ethiopia is … Agroforestry is a proven model of integrated sustainable land use system which can enhance agricultural productivity and production in a low input and in an ecological and economically feasible way in the effort of enhancing food security sustainably [4] . The role of agroforestry on current Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations through climate change adaptation and mitigation is getting explicit. Sumac (Rhus spp.) 2003). Lulekal et al. Butter fruit 4. Peoples in differe nt zones/location with different religious, linguistic and cultural backgrounds have their own specific knowledge about use of plants which in part has gradually entered wide circulation in the country. It is native to southern Ethiopia. The use of indigenous knowledge has been seen by many as an alternative way of promoting development in poor rural communities in many parts of the world. Trees have also a magnificent contribution in fixing nitrogen that can increase agricultural productivity. Ethiopia’s Rift Valley, including Australopithecus afarensis, or “Lucy,” thought to be 3.5 million years old. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103278. Findings of the study showed that home garden, intercropping and livestock based agroforestry practices of the area are contributing a lot in maintaining food security at the household level through the provision edible items from backyard throughout the year. Of the endemic vascular plants so far recorded there are about 480 species in 224 genera and 66 families. Mango trees, Enset (false banana), Moringa, Papaya, etc. This is mainly because of the fact that, during that regime each individual household was allowed to own a very small area of land at their backyard for their private use as a result of the communalism of resources ideology that was strategized at that time. 2. revealed as the intercropping activities have a tangible impact in maintaining soil organic matter, reduced evaporation from the soil surface as a result of the leaf fall mulch, shelter for shade loving plants such as coffee and also serves as shade for humans whenever working in the farm. 3377). Ethiopian traditional herbal drugs. The main Indigenous Plants of Ethiopia. plant products [21] particularly in the indigenous flora of lesser studied countries like Ethiopia. F.A. Journal of Essential Oil Research 5, 465-479. The community does not allow trees to be cut until they have reached maturity. gardens for cultivation of multipurpose plants and finding markets for potential home garden products needs to be followed up. The Gamo people live in the highland area and primarily practice mixed agriculture and weaving. The flowers have 4 to 5 imbricate sepals with equal, distinct petals. St. John's wort. These Vegetables such as capsicum, cabbage and sweet potatoes are also widely practiced as they form the major source of food in the community. protect indigenous knowledge arises from the fact that drug companies make financial gains as well as exploit the medicinal properties in plants used by indigenous traditional people to treat various illnesses such as cancer and yet there is no recognition given. 1994), harbouring more than 8000 plant species, with 24 percent endemic to the region (Friis et al. This study was held in Lante, one of the Kebeles (the smallest administration unit) of Arba Minch Zuriya district of Southern Ethiopia so as to explore the indigenous agroforestry practices along with its present contribution for food security and local economic development. The study was conducted to assess and explain indigenous knowledge and factors related to practice of forest conservation among forest dependent community in the three kebeles in Dawuro Zone, Tocha District. Lante is also bordering with Lake Abaya which has a great contribution towards its potential for agroforestry and other agricultural activities [12] [13] (Figure 1). Flora of Ethiopia and … In Zimbabwe the colonial era was characterised by huge economic disparities. Read more about IFAD and land | Indigenous Peoples | Indigenous Peoples Assistance Facility. Ground truthing of this practice. Biodiversity Status in Ethiopia and Challenges - - - Husen et al. The Even with the advent of modern medicine, this indigenous health care delivery system is the major source of care for an estimated 80% of the population. In the Chencha region of southern Ethiopia, erosion continues to be a pressing concern for the Gamo people, one of the main indigenous tribes of Ethiopia. Artistic thatched roof in the Ankober region. were explored during the discussions. Keywords – Biodiversity, Condiments, Dawuro, Home Garden, Indigenous Knowledge, Loma and Gena Bosa Districts, Spices. Maize another important staple crop of the area is also cultivated in this system. In the South it is not uncommon to see about ten different types of trees in the backyard of the smallholder farmers, mostly dominated by multipurpose species which have nutritional, economic and economic importance. No single approach of food security will be productive without the ecological and economic contribution of trees. Ackee W 3. 4.4. Agroforestry ecosystems harbour a variety of life forms functioning together which in turn provide the services that enable the wellbeing of humanity and other life forms. Open Access Library Journal Vol.03 No.12(2016), Article ID:73000,12 pages 10.4236/oalib.1103278. Planting these indigenous tree species have shown her the importance of taking care of the environment. also known as Bagana (Sidamo), is a plant of the genus Amorphophallus. Vegetable crops production is also another encouraging activity observed in the area. The cow dung from the livestock population, once dry, serves as source of household energy since it will be used as fuel for cooking and heating activities of the household. Traditional houses Ethiopia: Sedentary Guji pastoralist huts in hamlet at Borana Plain, Ethiopia. Rosa abyssinica, the only indigenous African rose. Figure 2. This practice has helped the smallholder farmers to maintain the local agro-ecology while they also managed to get nutritional sources of food within their own holdings. Today, nearly seven thousand plant species, one thousand of which are endemic to Ethiopia, are are among to mention (Table 1). Schefflera abyssinica. It is also worthy to note that these figures doesn’t include the amount of carbon which will be stored in the roots below the ground that could amount 50% - 75% of the total stored on the other parts of the tree above the ground. Ethiopia has a large variety of indigenous plant and animal species. Cattle production is the major livestock activity. Monkey kola (red) C. lateritia 8. Then data were transcribed and analysed by descriptive statistics. The free grazing practice, however, has its drawbacks since the animals can at times go and graze on unprotected farm lands. The southern part of Ethiopia is endowed with indigenous agroforestry practices that have evolved over years. The practices are also known to increase agricultural productivity, enhance household food security and increased income from the tree and non-tree components of the system. Edwards S, Mesfin Tadesse & Hedberg I (eds).1995. Livestock and Agroforestry Practices. Indigenous agroforestry practices form the livelihoods history of Southern Ethiopia. Pasture and forage plant diversity INTRODUCTION Ethiopia is … Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in Gindeberet district, Western Ethiopia S. Zerabruk a, G. Yirga b,⁎ a Mekelle University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Recently, Abraham's son asked if his father could cut down an older Koso tree to make him a bed. In the region of the former capital of Ethiopia, Ankober, rural communities live in hamlets of enclosed farms. In addition to this, the issue of agroforestry has to be considered as part of the country’s biodiversity conservation and other land management strategies. Agroforestry practices are also believed to contribute for the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations in various ways. Common plants such as coriander, myrrh, cardamom, chat and caraway also populate Ethiopia’s diverse landscapes. The indigenous trees of Ethiopia by Friedrich Von Breitenbach, 1963, Ethiopian Forestry Association edition, in English - 2nd, rev. Nitrogen fixing trees can also increase agricultural production and thereof reduced cost for agricultural inputs [10] . The indigenous knowledge and practices of agroforestry, however, are being eroded as a result of the increased need of the ever increasing human population. Alemu, M.M. A total of 62 community members (22 women) and 6 concerned government staff participated in the interview process. Abraham Adamu, 24, is a skilled weaver in the Chencha region. So this study is … Giant lobelia, endemic. The leaf fall which will stay on the surface also serves to lower down the devastating effects of rainfall drop splash and erosion. This can also improve the physio-chemical characteristics of the soil which can result for a better infiltration potential of the soil. By ca. Farmers' Indigenous knowledge: Cultivation, Utilization and classification, of Enset in North Omo (Ethiopia) Kefale Alemu Introduction Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a perennial herbaceous root crop with long broad leaves and bulky pseudostem. 10.4236/oalib.1103278, Indigenous Agroforestry Practices in Southern Ethiopia: The Case of Lante, Arba Minch. This all can prove as agroforestry practices to play a pivotal role in offering ecosystem services which sustain the wellbeing of humans. In some areas, the mountains are covered with shrubs such as pyracantha, jasmine, poinsettia, and a varied assortment of evergreens. Indigenous agroforestry has been and still is a dominant land use practice in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s Regional State of Ethiopia by forming the major component of the farming system. Most of the produce and marketable items are transported on the back of donkeys and donkey drawn carts. Ethiopia has a large variety of indigenous plant and animal species. Discussions were also held with the concerned Government officials. Caraway, carcade, cardamom, chat, coriander, incense, myrrh, and red pepper are common. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). 23 No. Country strategic opportunities programme, South-south and triangular cooperation (SSTC), Near East, North Africa, Europe and Central Asia, Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme, China-IFAD South-South and Triangular Cooperation Facility, Climate and Commodity Hedging to Enable Transformation, Facility for Refugees, Migrants, Forced Displacement and Rural Stability, Insurance for Rural Resilience and Economic Development, International Aid Transparency Initiative, National Designated Authorities partnership platform, Platform for Agricultural Risk Management, Smallholder and Agri-SME Finance and Investment Network, Working Group on the Transition Framework, Working group on the Performance-based Allocation System, Global Forum on Remittances, Investment and Development. For instance, the communities are well acquainted with the indigenous ways of maintaining soil fertility from the leaf fall. This multi-purpose root crop is … non-agroforestry practices (Figure 8). The woodland vegetation in western Ethiopia provides many resources to the inhabitants. In terms of dietary diversification agroforestry has given more varieties of food than other forms of agriculture. Some, however, also preferred the field crops production since they considered harvesting a reasonable amount of produce in a specific period of time as an advantage (Figure 3). Frankincense is a moderate growing flowering plant native to the tropical regions of Africa and Asia. Whilst free grazing is the widely practiced activity farmers also use cut and carry system in order to feed the animals at homesteads (Figure 6). 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