This is a timeline of Roman history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Roman Kingdom and Republic and the Roman and Byzantine Empires.To read about the background of these events, see Ancient Rome and History of the Byzantine Empire.. The Twelve Tables was a time in the Roman history where Rome stopped being a kingdom. Yet very few can boast as wide-reaching an influence and impact. History Of The Roman Empire. - … An empire is a political system in which a group of people are ruled by a single individual, an emperor or empress.The Roman Empire began with the reign of Emperor Augustus. At the height of its power, the Roman Empire contained only 12 percent of the world's population. The Roman calendar changed many times over the years and between the foundation of Rome and when Rome fell as an empire. The Roman Empire, at its height (c. 117 CE), was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization.By 285 CE the empire had grown too vast to be ruled from the central government at Rome and so was divided by Emperor Diocletian (r. 284-305 CE) into a Western and an Eastern Empire. Following tradition, this timeline marks the deposition of Romulus Augustulus and the Fall of Constantinople as … Read More ; The Twelve Tables. 1-5 Roman Empire Facts 1. Founding (c. 625 BC) Rome was founded around 625 BC in the areas of ancient Italy known as Etruria and Latium. The Roman Empire had its fair share of crazy emperors, one of which was the infamous Caligula. Here are 40 interesting Roman Empire facts. The history of the Roman Empire can be divided into three distinct periods: The Period of Kings (625-510 BC), Republican Rome (510-31 BC), and Imperial Rome (31 BC – AD 476). The Roman Empire stretched across Europe, North Africa and the Mideast until its collapse in 476 A.D. Rulers of ancient Rome included Julius Caesar, Caligula and Nero. There are even accounts of the emperor murdering his own family members and executing anyone who dared oppose him. The history of Roman Empire began after the 500-year old Roman Republic weakened due to civil wars. From then on, no Roman emperor would ever again rule from a post in Italy, leading many to cite 476 as the year the Western Empire suffered its … According to Romans, the ancient city of Rome was founded in 753 BC, whereas according to modern historians, it was founded in 625 BC. In comparison, at the height of their powers, the British Empire contained 23 percent of the world's population in the early 20th century and the Mongol Empire contained more than 25 percent of the world's population in the 13th century. The Roman empire was by no means the largest in history: in fact 25 others have occupied a larger land mass either before or since. He had a reputation for being one of the most mentally unstable rulers in the ancient Roman world. The Roman Empire began when Augustus Caesar (r. 27 BCE-14 CE) became the … Read More ; Roman Science The power of the Senate was limited and became an organ to support the emperor.. When Julius Caesar died, he left today's equivalent of about $270 to each and every Roman citizen.